72. Runoff control comparisons for commercial beef cattle feedlots.
Gilbertson,-C.B.; Nienaber,-J.A.; Gartung,-J.L.; Ellis,-J.R.; Splinter,-W.E.
Trans-A-S-A-E. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers. July/Aug 1979. v. 22 (4) p. 842-846.
NAL Call Number: 290.9-AM32T

Descriptors: feedlots. beef-cattle. feedlot-wastes. feedlot-effluent. waste-disposal. ponds. runoff. nebraska.


73. Sanitation as a means of suppressing stable fly populations in beef cattle feedlots.
Thomas,-G.D.
MP-Univ-Neb-Linc-Agric-Res-Div. Lincoln : Agricultural Research Division, Institute of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, [1986?. Dec 1992. (64) p. 119-132.
NAL Call Number: 100-N27M

Descriptors: stomoxys-calcitrans. cattle. feedlots. insect-pests. integrated-pest-management. cattle-manure. milking-parlors. breeding-places. organic-wastes.


74. Scheduled sanitation to reduce stable fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations in beef cattle feedlots.
Thomas,-G.D.; Skoda,-S.R.; Berkebile,-D.R.; Campbell,-J.B.
J-econ-entomol. Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America, 1908. Apr 1996. v. 89 (2) p. 411-414.
NAL Call Number: 421-J822

Descriptors: stomoxys-calcitrans. beef-cattle. feedlots. infestation. population-density. cleaning. cleaning-and-sterilization. feedlot-wastes. removal. insect-control. pest-management. nebraska.

Abstract: Sanitation has been king recommended as a means of reducing stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), populations at cattle feedlots, but there is little published research to support this recommendation. In each of the 2 yr of this study, 4 feedlots received complete sanitation and 4 feedlots received no cleaning. The objective was to have the initial cleaning done before 1 June and then to reclean as needed even 2 wk thereafter. The feedlots that were cleaned had significantly fewer flie s than the uncleaned feedlots, with 50.9% fewer stable flies during the 1st yr and 36.2% fewer flies in the 2nd yr. These reductions were realized even though initial cleaning was not done by 1 June in either year: bad weather delayed completion until 20 June the 1st yr and 29 June the 2nd yr. Sanitation at cattle feedlots significantly reduces stable fly populations and sanitation may have been more effective if initial cleaning was done by 1 June.


75. Serotype O157:H7 Escherichia coli from bovine and meat sources.
Richard-Dorn,-C.; Angrick,-E.J.
J-Clin-Microbiol. Washington, D.C. : American Society for Microbiology. June 1991. v. 29 (6) p. 1225-1231.
NAL Call Number: QR46.J6

Descriptors: beef. cattle. buffaloes. man. feces. escherichia-coli. strains. plasmids. virulence. characterization.

Abstract: Serotype O157:H7 Escherichia coli strains from several different bovine and meat (beef) sources were studied to determine the diversity of their virulence properties and to compare their plasmid characteristics. Eighteen strains from c attle feces, 2 from water buffalo feces, 3 from beef samples, and 2 from feces of human hemolytic uremic syndrome cases were examined. All of these strains hybridized with the CVD419 DNA probe which identifies serotype O157:H7 and many other serotypes of verocytotoxin-producing E. coli. Of 15 bovine strains that hybridized with two verocytotoxin DNA probes, 8 hybridized with both verocytotoxin 1 (VT1) and VT2 probes, 5 hybridized with only the VT2 probe, and 2 hybridized with only the Vt1 probe. This dist ribution was similar to that reported for O157:H7 E. coli isolated from humans. All three beef isolates hybridized with both VT1 and VT2 probes. All strains that hybridized with the VT probes were positive in the verocytotoxin assay, and all probe-negativ e strains were negative in the assay. All the strains possessed large plasmids with molecular sizes ranging from 53 to 64 MDa. Fifteen of the 20 cattle and water buffalo strains had one or more additional small plasmids. Restriction patterns resulting fro m HindIII, SmaI, and BamHI digestions of the large plasmids were used to compare all possible pairs of five different single plasmid-bearing strains from different countries (Egypt, England, and the United States). The restriction patterns of these strain s were distinct, and the mean coefficients of similarity for these comparisons ranged from 71 to 91%, indicating a moderate degree of genetic diversity. This diversity and the presence of multiple plasmids in many bovine and human O157:H7 strains reinforc e the usefulness of plasmid analysis in future studies. Only four of the 20 bovine strains and 1 of the 3 beef strains possessed the capability for adherence to HEp-2 and Intestine 407 cells in the presence of mannose, indicating that in vitro expression of localized adherence is not a universal property of O157:H7 strains of bovine origin.


76. Settling characteristics of feedlot cattle feces and manure.
Lott,-S.C.; Loch,-R.J.; Watts,-P.J.
Trans-ASAE. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers 1958. Jan/Feb 1994. v. 37 (1) p. 281-285.
NAL Call Number: 290.9-Am32T

Descriptors: cattle-manure. runoff. sediment. surface-water. contamination. australia.

Abstract: Increased community awareness has created pressure on feedlots to improve their environmental performance. Australian feedlot sedimentation systems which are failing currently use empirical designs. These designs could be improved by basing them on settling characteristics of Australian feedlot manure. Settling velocity distributions of fresh feces and pen manure were measured using a settling column. We found that settling velocities of fresh feces are similar to those of pen manu re and that rations that used barley or greater proportions of roughage had smaller components of slow-settling solids. All samples showed distinct fast and slow settling components. Some 35 to 75% of the material settled quickly and the remainder settl ed so slowly that it is not practical to design sedimentation systems to retain it. The data suggest that sedimentation system design should use a maximum settling velocity of 0.003 m/s.


77. Soil characteristics of cropland fertilized with feedlot manure in the South Platte river basin of Colorado. Davis,-J.G.; Young,-M.; Abnstedt,-B.
J-soil-water-conserv. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society. Sept/Oct 1997. v. 52 (5) p. 327-331.
NAL Call Number: 56.8-J822

Descriptors: agricultural-land. soil-types-cultural. clay-soils. sandy-soils. feedlot-wastes. waste-utilization. animal-manures. application-to-land. soil-salinity. soil-ph. soil-alkalinity. soil-organic-matter. nitrate-nitrogen. nitrogen-conten t. phosphorus. potassium. zinc. nutrient-availability. irrigation-water. water-quality. water-pollution. risk. colorado.


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